Dick Hebdige's 'Subculture: The Unnatural Break'

Dick Hebdige's 'Subculture: The Unnatural Break' explores the ways in which subcultures represent challenges to the established social order and examines how subcultures are incorporated into 'mainstream' society (Hebdige 1979, p. 92). In the following paper I provide a brief summary of Hebdige's thesis and analyse his main supporting arguments.

'Subculture: The Unnatural Break' appears as chapter six of Hebdige's Subculture: The Meaning of Style and attempts to situate the phenomena that is subculture against 'mainstream' society (ibid.). Hebdige doesn't just establish a binary of subculture against 'mainstream' society, however, but argues that subculture is an aspect of 'mainstream' society (Hebdige 1979, p 97). It is this complicated relationship between subculture and 'mainstream' society that Hebdige addresses with this chapter.

Why Open Source is Necessary for Your Sanity

The concept of 'open source' is centred around the use of the word 'free'. Open source products are free, as in freedom. Every person involved with the open source product, from its inception through to its use and marketing, has the freedom to interact with it as they see fit. Further, this freedom extends to ownership for the individual interacting with the open source product truly owns this interaction and anything resulting from this interaction. Individuals can keep their 'property' or they can give it away, they can even sell it. This property is truly theirs. Other uses of the word 'free' are often mentioned in relation to open source, particularly the use of free as in cost. It is true that many open source products are cost free but I will be focusing solely upon the use of 'free' as in freedom. I want to explore the implications of freedom, specifically relating to open source software, as it relates to the active externalism view of the extended mind thesis proffered by Clark and Chalmers.

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